The correct answer is option 1: Biotechnologist. Professor Vijay Raghavan, an Indian scientist, was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2012. The Royal Society is a prestigious scientific institution in the United Kingdom. This recognition is a significant achievement and is typically bestowed upon individuals who have made outstanding contributions to scientific research.

Option 2: Chemist, refers to a scientist who specializes in the study of chemistry, which deals with the composition, structure, properties, and changes of matter. While it is possible for a biotechnologist to have knowledge and background in chemistry, the answer does not specifically mention Raghavan`s expertise in chemistry.

Option 3: Agricultural scientist, specializes in research and development related to agriculture, including crop production, plant breeding, and soil science. The answer does not mention any specific connection between Raghavan and agricultural science.

Option 4: Missile engineer, is not related to Raghavan`s field of expertise as a biotechnologist. Missile engineering involves the design, development, and production of missiles and other weaponry systems. Raghavan`s recognition as a Fellow of the Royal Society is in the field of biotechnology, which focuses on the use of biological systems and organisms for technological applications.

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