The correct answer is option 4, which states that the Tenth Schedule to the Constitution of India relates to the anti-defection law.

The Tenth Schedule, also known as the Anti-Defection Law, was added to the Constitution in 1985. It was introduced to address the issue of political defections, where elected representatives would switch parties after being elected. This led to instability in governments and undermined the democratic process.

The Anti-Defection Law seeks to prevent such defections and maintain the stability of governments. According to this law, if a legislator voluntarily gives up the membership of their party or votes against the party`s directive on a crucial issue, they can be disqualified from being a member of the legislature. This applies to both Parliament and state legislatures.

The Tenth Schedule establishes the procedure for disqualification and provides a mechanism for deciding such disputes. The law provides for the Speaker or Chairman of the House to make decisions on disqualification, based on the opinions of a committee or tribunal. These decisions can also be challenged in the courts.

It is important to note that the Tenth Schedule only applies to elected members of legislative bodies and not to nominated members or members of the Rajya Sabha (the Upper House of Parliament). It was implemented