Which one of the following is a permeable rock that allows water to pass through it ?

Permeability is the capacity of a rock to transmit fluid, which depends on the size and interconnection of openings. Limestone is a sedimentary rock that is considered permeable, particularly due to secondary porosity [2]. Groundwater, often slightly acidic, flows through joints and fractures in limestone, creating solution openings and interconnected systems that allow water to pass through easily. In contrast, granite and quartzite are dense, crystalline rocks that typically exhibit very low permeability unless they are extensively fractured [2]. Sills are igneous intrusions that are generally described as impermeable rocks, often acting as barriers that force the water table to the surface [2]. While most porous rocks are permeable, limestone's ability to develop large conduits through dissolution makes it a primary example of a rock that allows significant water transmission [1].

Sources

1. [2] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: Weathering, Mass Movement and Groundwater > SPRINGS > p. 44
2. [1] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: Weathering, Mass Movement and Groundwater > Groundwater > p. 42