Which one of the following statements with regard to greenhouse effect is correct?

The greenhouse effect is based on the selective permeability of certain materials to different wavelengths of radiation. In a glass chamber, the glass is transparent to incoming short-wave solar radiation, which includes visible light and near-infrared wavelengths [1]. Once this energy is absorbed by internal surfaces like soil or plants, it is re-emitted as long-wavelength thermal infrared radiation [1][2]. Glass is relatively opaque to these longer wavelengths, effectively trapping the heat inside the chamber [1]. This mechanism is analogous to how greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide and water vapor, allow short-wave radiation to enter but absorb and re-emit outgoing long-wave radiation, preventing it from escaping into space [2][4]. Consequently, the temperature inside the chamber or the lower atmosphere rises due to this trapped thermal energy [3][4].

Sources

1. [1] FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 11: World Climate and Climate Change > Global Warming > p. 96
2. [2] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 6: Environmental Degradation and Management > Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming > p. 7
3. [4] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 7: Climate Change > 2. greenhouse gases > p. 9
4. [3] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 17: Climate Change > Role of Greenhouse Gases > p. 255