Plants adapted to grow in deserts and other dry habitats are called

Plants adapted to survive in deserts and dry habitats are known as xerophytes [4]. These plants have evolved specific morphological and physiological adaptations to withstand prolonged periods of drought and high evaporation stress. Common adaptations include long root systems to reach groundwater, waxy or leathery foliage to reduce transpiration, and succulent stems or leaves for water storage. In contrast, hydrophytes are adapted to aquatic environments, mesophytes thrive in moderate moisture conditions, and halophytes are specialized for saline soils [1]. Xerophytes are the predominant vegetation in both hot and mid-latitude deserts, including species like cacti, thorny bushes, and drought-resistant shrubs [2]. Their structural features, often referred to as xeromorphic, allow them to remain dormant during dry spells and respond quickly to irregular rainfall [3].

Sources

1. [2] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 18: The Hot Desert and Mid-Latitude Desert Climate > Natural Vegetation > p. 175
2. [4] https://gacbe.ac.in/pdf/ematerial/18BBO25A-U5.pdf
3. [1] https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/xerophyte
4. [3] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 18: The Hot Desert and Mid-Latitude Desert Climate > Natural Vegetation > p. 177