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Based on the year of their establishment, arrange the following regional organizations in correct chronological order : 1. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization 2. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation 3. The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 4. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations Select the answer using the code given below.
Explanation
The chronological order of the establishment of these regional organizations is as follows: The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established first in 1967. It was followed by the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), which was founded in 1985 to promote multilateral cooperation among South Asian states [2]. The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) was subsequently established in 1989 as a regional economic forum for countries on the Pacific Rim [6]. Finally, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was formally established on June 15, 2001, when the 'Shanghai Five' expanded to include Uzbekistan [2]. Therefore, the correct sequence is ASEAN (1967), APEC (1989), SAARC (1985), and SCO (2001), which corresponds to the order 4-3-2-1 based on the provided list.
Sources
- [1] Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 3: Contemporary South Asia > Peace and Cooperation > p. 42
- [2] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 16: India–Political Aspects > GEOPOLITICS OF SOUTH ASIA > p. 60
- [3] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 18: International Economic Institutions > Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) > p. 550
- [5] https://www.mfa.gov.sg/about-mfa/foreign-policy/international-organisations/asia-pacific-economic-cooperation-apec/
- [6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_regional_organizations_by_population