The larger area under the hysteresis curve ( B-H) of a ferromagnetic material depicts

The term 'hysteresis' is derived from a Greek word meaning 'lagging'. In ferromagnetic materials, the magnetic flux density (B) lags behind the applied magnetizing field strength (H) [1]. The area enclosed by the B-H hysteresis loop represents the energy dissipated as heat per unit volume during one complete cycle of magnetization and demagnetization. A larger area under the curve indicates greater energy loss, which directly correlates to a greater extent of lagging in the material's magnetic response. This lagging occurs because energy is required to realign the magnetic domains within the material during each cycle. Consequently, materials with wider loops, such as hard magnetic materials, exhibit higher coercivity and greater energy dissipation compared to soft magnetic materials with narrow loops.