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Which of the following statements about Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is/are correct?
1. In India, it adheres to the strict requirements imposed by the doctrine of locus standi.
2. Letters to judges may be treated as petitions.
3. M. C. Mehta vs. Union of India was a PIL that expanded the scope of Article 21 and Article 32 of the Constitution of India.
Select the answer using the code given below.
Explanation
Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a judicial innovation in India that significantly departs from traditional legal norms. Statement 1 is incorrect because PIL relaxes the traditional doctrine of locus standi, allowing any public-spirited citizen to move the court on behalf of those unable to do so due to poverty or disability. Statement 2 is correct as the judiciary adopted "epistolary jurisdiction," where letters or postcards addressed to the court can be treated as writ petitions. Statement 3 is correct; the M. C. Mehta vs. Union of India cases (such as the Oleum Gas Leak case) were instrumental in expanding the scope of Article 21 to include the right to a clean environment and Article 32 regarding the court's power to grant remedial relief and compensation. Therefore, only statements 2 and 3 are correct.
SIMILAR QUESTIONS
Consider the following statements: 1. Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer was the Chief Justice of India. 2. Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer is considered as one of the progenitors of public interest litigation (PIL) in the Indian judicial system. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Public Interest Litigation in India is essential for the rule of law.
Reason (R) : Public Interest Litigation provides effective access of Justice to socially and economically weaker sections.
Select the correct answer from the code given below :
Code :