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Q111
(CAPF/2026)
Science & Technology › Basic Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology)
Sound Navigation and Ranging (SONAR) is used to detect underwater objects. For this, its transmitter produces
Result
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—
·
Correct:
C
Explanation
SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) is a technology used to detect and determine the distance, speed, and direction of underwater objects. Its transmitter produces and emits ultrasonic waves (high-frequency sound waves above 20 kHz).
- Mechanism: These ultrasonic waves travel through water, strike an underwater object (like a submarine, fish shoal, or the seabed), and reflect back as echoes.
- Detection: A detector converts these reflected ultrasonic waves into electrical signals, which are then interpreted.
- Why Ultrasonic? Sound waves travel much more efficiently through water than electromagnetic waves. Microwaves, visible light, and infrared radiation are rapidly absorbed or scattered by water, making them unsuitable for long-range underwater detection.
The distance is calculated using the formula: 2d = v × t, where 'd' is distance, 'v' is the speed of sound in water, and 't' is the time interval.
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