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Which one of the following situations can lead to inflation?
Explanation
Inflation is primarily driven by two mechanisms: demand-pull and cost-push. Demand-pull inflation occurs when the total demand for goods and services (aggregate demand) increases to exceed the economy's sustainable supply capacity [6]. This situation is often described as "too much money chasing too few goods," where excessive demand in an expanding economy forces prices upward [5]. Conversely, sluggish growth in aggregate demand or a reduction in the money supply typically leads to deflationary pressures or recession rather than inflation [5]. Higher levels of unemployment are generally associated with lower inflation according to the Phillips curve, as inflation tends to decrease when unemployment is above the Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment (NAIRU) [7]. Therefore, the rapid growth of aggregate demand outweighing supply is the situation that leads to inflation [8].
Sources
- [1] Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 2: Money and Banking- Part I > There are mainly two causes of inflation: > p. 112
- [6] https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/demandpullinflation.asp
- [2] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 4: Inflation > CHAPTER SUMMARY > p. 77
- [5] https://www.rba.gov.au/education/resources/explainers/causes-of-inflation.html
- [3] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 4: Inflation > Deflation > p. 74
- [7] https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R47273
- [8] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090944324000516
SIMILAR QUESTIONS
The situation in an economy which is growing slowly along with rapid inflation (rising price level) is called
Which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. High growth will lead to inflation. 2. High growth will lead to deflation. Select the correct answer using the code given below : Code :
A rapid increase in the rate of inflation is sometimes attributed to the "base effect". What is "base effect"?
A) It is the impact of drastic deficiency in supply due to failure of crops.
B) It is the impact of the surge in demand due to rapid economic growth.
C) It is the impact of the price levels of the previous year on the calculation of inflation rate.
D) None of the statements given above is correct.