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Q57 (CDS-I/2023) History & Culture › National Movement (1857–1947) › British policies and administration Answer Verified

Which one of the following Viceroys was the first to officially shift his Council to Simla in summer season?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: A
Explanation

Sir John Lawrence was the first Viceroy to officially shift the seat of the British Indian government to Shimla during the summer season in 1864 [1]. While previous officials like Lord Dalhousie and Lord Amherst had visited or stayed in Shimla for health and recreation, it was Lawrence who formalized the seasonal migration of the entire Council and administration to escape the heat of the plains. This move established Shimla as the official 'Summer Capital' of the British Raj, a practice that continued until 1947 [1]. Lawrence's decision was driven by the need for a more efficient administrative environment, as the cool Himalayan climate was deemed more suitable for European officials than the scorching summers of Calcutta. Consequently, the government functioned from Shimla for nearly seven months of the year.

Sources

  1. [1] https://hpshimla.nic.in/history/
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