Question map
Who among the following was not in the core leadership of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) in its formative phase?
Explanation
The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was established during its formative phase by a core group of five founding leaders: Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana, Sukarno of Indonesia, and Josip Broz Tito of Yugoslavia [2]. These leaders played a prominent role in the movement's foundation, which culminated in the first NAM Summit held in Belgrade in 1961 [4]. While Fidel Castro of Cuba was a significant figure in later years and hosted the 1979 Havana Summit, he was not part of the original 'Big Five' core leadership that conceptualized the movement during the 1955 Bandung Conference and the 1961 Belgrade Summit [2]. The movement's primary objective was to create an independent path in world politics, avoiding formal alignment with either the United States or the Soviet Union during the Cold War [4].
Sources
- [1] History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 15: The World after World War II > Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) > p. 251
- [2] Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 4: Indi External Relations > p. 54
- [4] https://www.britannica.com/topic/Non-Aligned-Movement