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Q79 (CDS-I/2024) Geography › World Physical Geography › Weathering and erosion Answer Verified

Which of the following statements regarding river meanders is/are correct? 1. It is a U-shaped bend in a river. 2. An extremely tight meander is called a gooseneck; it is likely to become a cutoff, or oxbow lake, after a flood. 3. Tectonic uplift can cause a river to continue downcutting along its meandering course, leading to incised or entrenched meanders. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: D
Explanation

A river meander is defined as a pronounced U-shaped bend or loop in a river's course [1]. These features develop due to continuous erosion on the outer concave bank and deposition on the inner convex bank [2]. When a meander becomes extremely tight, it is often referred to as a gooseneck; during high-flow events like floods, the river may erode through this narrow neck to create a straighter channel, leaving the abandoned loop as an oxbow lake [5]. Furthermore, if a region undergoes tectonic uplift, the river's gradient increases, causing it to resume active downward erosion or downcutting. This process preserves the meandering pattern while carving deep into the underlying bedrock, resulting in landforms known as incised or entrenched meanders [4]. Thus, all three statements accurately describe the characteristics and evolutionary processes of river meanders.

Sources

  1. [1] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 16: Fluvial Landforms and Cycle of Erosion > Meanders > p. 199
  2. [2] FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Landforms and their Evolution > Meanders > p. 51
  3. [5] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 5: Landforms made by Running Water > THE LOWER OR PLAIN COURSE > p. 53
  4. [3] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 16: Fluvial Landforms and Cycle of Erosion > Meanders > p. 200
  5. [4] FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Landforms and their Evolution > Incised or Entrenched Meanders > p. 49
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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

CDS-I · 2018 · Q13 Relevance score: 1.77

Statement I : Incised meanders are formed in the mature stage of a river. Statement I : Incised meanders are characterized by rejuvenation and upliftment of land.

CAPF · 2020 · Q97 Relevance score: 0.85

Consider the following statements : 1. River Kaveri has well developed valley 2. Valley of River Alakananda is still growing 3. River Krishna is largest east flow¬ing peninsular river Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

CDS-II · 2017 · Q100 Relevance score: 0.83

Which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. Himalayan rivers have their origin in the snow-covered areas, hence are dry in winter season. 2. Rivers of the Peninsular Plateau have reached maturity. 3. Himalayan rivers depict all the three stages of normal cycle of erosion. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

IAS · 2023 · Q1 Relevance score: 0.70

Consider the following statements : 1. Jhelum River passes through Wular Lake. 2. Krishna River directly feeds Kolleru Lake. 3. Meandering of Gandak River formed Kanwar Lake. How many of the statements given above are correct?