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Consider the following statements about the early phase of the National Movement in India:
- Ferozeshah Mehta, Badruddin Tyabji and others formed the Bombay Presidency Association.
- Surendranath Banerjee and his group planned an Indian National Conference at Calcutta.
- Allan Octavian Hume decided to create an all-India body as a rival to the above organisations to give vent to the grievances of the poor and marginalised Indians.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct as the Bombay Presidency Association was established in 1885 by Pherozeshah Mehta, Badruddin Tyabji, and K.T. Telang [3]. Statement 2 is also correct; Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose were the primary architects of the Indian National Conference, which held sessions in 1883 and 1885 in Calcutta as a precursor to an all-India body [1]. Statement 3 is incorrect because Allan Octavian Hume did not intend to create a 'rival' to these organizations. Instead, he collaborated with leading Indian intellectuals to mobilize a unified platform, leading to the formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885 [4]. Furthermore, the early Congress primarily represented the educated middle class and intellectuals rather than focusing specifically on the grievances of the poor and marginalized as its primary objective [4].
Sources
- [3] https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bombay-Presidency-Association
- [1] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 11: Indian National Congress: Foundation and the Moderate Phase > Foundation of Indian National Congress > p. 247
- [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Indian_National_Congress