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Q5 (CDS-II/2006) History & Culture › Modern India (Pre-1857) › Regional successor states Answer Verified

When the Mughal Empire was collapsing, which of the provinces was lost in 1622 A.D., recovered in 1638 A.D. and finally lost in 1649 A.D.

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: D
Explanation

Kandahar was a strategic point of contention between the Mughal and Safavid Empires [t3]. Originally conquered by Akbar in 1595, it was lost to the Persian King Shah Abbas in 1622 during the reign of Jahangir [c1, c2]. The loss was attributed to internal Mughal instability and the refusal of Prince Khurram (Shah Jahan) to lead the campaign while plotting for the throne [t2]. In 1638, Shah Jahan successfully recovered Kandahar after the Kurdish governor, Ali Mardan Khan, defected and handed the fort over to the Mughals [c1, t1, t4]. However, the recovery was temporary; the Safavid ruler Shah Abbas II launched a campaign and recaptured the province in 1649 [t1, t4]. Despite subsequent attempts by Shah Jahan's sons, Aurangzeb and Dara Shikoh, to retake the city, Kandahar was finally lost to the Mughal Empire in 1649 [t4].

Sources

  1. [1] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 14: The Mughal Empire > Deccan Sultanates > p. 209
  2. [2] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 14: The Mughal Empire > Malik Ambar > p. 208
  3. [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal%E2%80%93Safavid_war_(1649%E2%80%931653)
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