Current set CDS-II · 2026 Q10

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Q10 (CDS-II/2026) Polity & Governance › Governance, Policies & Social Justice

Which of the following statements is/are correct ?
1. Using powers given under Article 342 A of the Constitution of India, the President of India may notify a Central List of socially, educationally and economically backward classes with respect to a State
2. Every State may prepare a list of socially and educationally backward classes for its own purposes different from the Central List
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Result

Your answer: — · Correct: B

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect: Article 342A of the Constitution of India refers specifically to "socially and educationally backward classes" (SEBCs). It does not include the term "economically" backward classes. Economic criteria for reservation are handled under Articles 15(6) and 16(6) (EWS category), introduced by the 103^rd Amendment.

Statement 2 is correct: The 105^th Constitutional Amendment Act (2021) amended Article 342A to clarify that the power of State Governments and Union Territories to identify and maintain their own lists of SEBCs for their own purposes is preserved. Clause (3) of Article 342A explicitly states that every State or Union territory may prepare and maintain a list of socially and educationally backward classes which may be different from the Central List. This amendment restored the states' power which was earlier interpreted as restricted by the Supreme Court in the Maratha reservation case.

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