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Q10 (CISF/2017) History & Culture › Modern India (Pre-1857)

Which one of the following prompted the Mughals to enter into trade negotiations with the English in the early 17th century ?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: A

Explanation

The primary factor that prompted the Mughal Emperor Jahangir to grant trade concessions to the English was the English victory over the Portuguese in the Battle of Swally (Suvali) near Surat in 1612. Captain Thomas Best led the English fleet to defeat the Portuguese, who had long dominated the Indian coast and the Arabian Sea.

The Mughals possessed a powerful land army but lacked a strong navy. They were often frustrated by the Portuguese Cartaz system, which restricted Indian maritime trade and harassed pilgrim ships heading to Mecca. The English naval victory demonstrated their military capability and offered the Mughals a strategic counterweight to Portuguese naval hegemony. Following this display of power, Jahangir issued a farman in 1613 allowing the English to establish a factory at Surat. While William Hawkins (1608) and Sir Thomas Roe (1615) were important diplomats, the military breakthrough at Swally was the decisive catalyst for negotiations.

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