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Q9
(CISF/2018)
History & Culture › National Movement (1857–1947)
Which of the following statements about the founding of the Indian National Congress is/are correct ?
1. It was supported by A.O. Hume who was a political liberal.
2. It was based on similar associations in South-East Asia.
3. It was initially supported by Indian elites who had access to Western education and English.
Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Explanation
The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded in December 1885. The following points clarify the statements:
- Statement 1 is correct: Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant and a political liberal, played a pivotal role in organizing the first session. He is often called the 'Father of the Indian National Congress'.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: The INC was not based on associations in South-East Asia. Instead, it was a culmination of political consciousness evolving through regional Indian associations like the Indian Association of Calcutta, the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, and the Bombay Presidency Association.
- Statement 3 is correct: The early phase of the INC (1885–1905) was dominated by the 'Moderates'—Western-educated Indian elites, including lawyers, journalists, and teachers, who believed in constitutional methods and used English as their primary medium of communication.
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