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Q52
(CISF/2019)
History & Culture › Modern India (Pre-1857)
Who among the following translated the Manusmriti into English for the first time?
Explanation
Sir William Jones, a renowned Orientalist and the founder of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (1784), translated the Manusmriti into English for the first time. It was published in 1794 under the title "Institutes of Hindu Law: Or, The Ordinances of Menu". Jones undertook this work to provide British judges with a direct resource for adjudicating cases involving Hindu personal laws, reducing their dependence on local pundits.
- Charles Wilkins is famous for the first English translation of the Bhagavad Gita (1785).
- N. B. Halhed compiled A Code of Gentoo Laws (1776), which was based on a Persian translation of a Sanskrit digest, rather than a direct translation of the Manusmriti.
- Warren Hastings, as Governor-General, encouraged these scholarly pursuits to facilitate colonial administration but did not translate the text himself.
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