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Q94 (CISF/2020) Science & Technology › Space & Defence Technology

What are MANPADS (Man-Portable Air-Defense Systems) ?

Explanation

MANPADS (Man-Portable Air-Defense Systems) are short-range, lightweight, and portable surface-to-air missiles that can be deployed by an individual or a small team. They are designed to engage low-flying aircraft, including helicopters, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and low-flying fixed-wing aircraft.

  • Functionality: These systems typically consist of a missile launched from a tube, a gripstock (trigger mechanism), and a battery.
  • Guidance: Most MANPADS use passive infrared (heat-seeking) sensors to home in on an aircraft's heat signature, though some utilize laser beam riding or optical guidance.
  • Range: They generally have a maximum range of 5 to 8 km and can reach altitudes of about 3,000 to 4,500 meters.

They are distinct from air-to-air missiles, which are launched from one aircraft to target another, and drones, which are often the targets of such systems.

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