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Q60
(CISF/2025)
Science & Technology › Basic Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology)
Which one among the following statements about graphite is correct ?
Explanation
Graphite and diamond are allotropes of carbon with different structures and properties. In graphite, each carbon atom is bonded to three others in a hexagonal planar layer (sp2 hybridization). This leaves one valence electron per carbon atom free or "delocalized," which allows graphite to conduct electricity. In contrast, diamond has a rigid tetrahedral structure (sp3 hybridization) where all valence electrons are involved in single covalent bonds, making it an electrical insulator.
- Option A: Diamond is the hardest natural substance; graphite is soft and used as a lubricant.
- Option B: Both are pure allotropes of carbon (100% carbon).
- Option D: Diamond has a uniform C-C bond length (~1.54 Ã…), while graphite has shorter bonds within layers (~1.42 Ã…) and much larger distances between layers (~3.35 Ã…).
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