In the context of computers, which one among the following is the main function of ransomware ?

Ransomware is a specific type of malware designed to hold a user's data or system hostage. Its main function is to encrypt data, rendering it inaccessible to the owner until a ransom (usually in cryptocurrency) is paid for the decryption key.

• Encryption: This is the core mechanism. Attackers use strong cryptographic algorithms to lock files, which is the primary leverage used to extort money.
• Other Options: While some modern "double extortion" ransomware may copy (exfiltrate) data to threaten its public release, or delete/damage data if the ransom is not paid, these are secondary tactics. The fundamental defining characteristic of ransomware remains the encryption-based lockout.

According to CERT-In and global cybersecurity agencies, ransomware is primarily categorized by this encryption process. Well-known examples include the WannaCry and Locky attacks.