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Arrange the following events of Indian freedom movement in correct sequence beginning from the earliest: 1. Second Round Table Conference 2. Communal Award 3. Poona Pact 4. Simon Commission Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Explanation
The correct chronological sequence begins with the Simon Commission, which was appointed in 1927 and published its report in 1930. This report led to the Round Table Conferences to discuss constitutional reforms [4]. The Second Round Table Conference took place from September to December 1931, with Mahatma Gandhi attending as the Congress representative [6]. Following the failure of this conference to resolve communal representation, British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald announced the Communal Award on August 16, 1932, which granted separate electorates to various groups, including the depressed classes [2]. In response, Gandhi began a 'fast unto death' in Yeravada prison, which ended with the signing of the Poona Pact on September 24, 1932 [6]. The Poona Pact modified the Communal Award by replacing separate electorates for depressed classes with reserved seats within the general electorate [2].
Sources
- [3] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 1: Historical Background > The features of this Act were as follows: > p. 7
- [4] https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/research/groups/conferencing-the-international/timeline/rtc2.aspx
- [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round_Table_Conferences_(India)
- [6] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > 17. Lord Willingdon 1931-1936 > p. 822
- [1] https://www.britannica.com/topic/Simon-Commission