In this question, we are asked to arrange the locations of four oil refineries in India from west to east.

Let`s examine each option:

Option 1: Koyali—Kochi—Panipat—Mathura

This option places Koyali as the westernmost refinery and Kochi as the easternmost, followed by Panipat and Mathura.

Option 2: Kochi—Koyali—Panipat—Mathura

This option places Kochi as the westernmost refinery, which contradicts the given requirement to arrange the refineries from west to east. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Option 3: Koyali—Panipat—Kochi—Mathura

This option places Koyali and Panipat in the correct positions, but it switches the positions of Kochi and Mathura. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Option 4: Koyali—Panipat—Mathura—Kochi

This option places Koyali, Panipat, and Mathura in the correct order, but it places Kochi as the easternmost refinery. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1, which arranges the locations of the