Aryabhatta and Varahamihira belong to the Gupta age. The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian dynasty that ruled from the 4th to the 6th century CE. This period is often referred to as the "Golden Age of India" as it was a time of significant advancements in various fields, including astronomy, mathematics, and literature. Aryabhatta, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, made significant contributions to the field of mathematics, including the concept of zero and the decimal place value system. Varahamihira, another prominent mathematician and astronomer, is known for his contributions to astrology and astrology.

The other options in the question (Cholas, Mauryas, and Mughals) are incorrect as Aryabhatta and Varahamihira did not belong to these time periods. The Chola Dynasty ruled in South India from the 9th to the 13th century CE, long after the Gupta period. The Mauryas were an ancient Indian dynasty that ruled from the 4th to the 2nd century BCE, predating the Gupta period. The Mughals were a dynasty that ruled India from the 16th to the 19th century CE, also well after