Assertion (A) : The Khilafat movement did bring the urban Muslims into the fold of the National Movement. Reason (R) : There was a predominant element of anti-imperialism in both the National and Khilafat Movements.

Both the Assertion and the Reason are true. Contemporary accounts state that the Khilafat Movement brought urban Muslims into the national movement while also communalising politics, and that Muslim sentiments during this period reflected a wider anti‑imperialist feeling [1]. The Khilafat and Non‑Cooperation campaigns opposed British rule through a shared programme of non‑violent non‑cooperation, providing a common anti‑imperialist platform that welded Muslim mobilization to the broader nationalist struggle [2]. Additionally, younger radical Muslim leaders with strong anti‑imperialist sentiments helped create an atmosphere in which the Khilafat issue flowed into mass nationalist action, explaining why urban Muslims joined the national movement [3].

Sources

1. [1] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 16: Non-Cooperation Movement and Khilafat Aandolan > Evaluation of Khilafat Non-Cooperation Movement > p. 338
2. [2] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 16: Non-Cooperation Movement and Khilafat Aandolan > Non-Cooperation Movement and Khilafat Aandolan > p. 328
3. [3] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 16: Non-Cooperation Movement and Khilafat Aandolan > p. 329