Assertion (A) : Saturated fats are more reactive compared to unsaturated fats. Reason (R) : Unsaturated fats have double bonds in their molecules.

The Assertion (A) is false because saturated fats are chemically more stable and less reactive than unsaturated fats. Saturated fats consist of single bonds between carbon atoms, making them 'saturated' with hydrogen and less prone to chemical changes [t1, t2]. In contrast, unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds in their carbon chains [c3, t2]. These double bonds create points of unsaturation that are highly reactive, making the molecule susceptible to addition reactions like hydrogenation [c1] and oxidative damage leading to rancidity [c2, t3, t6]. The Reason (R) is true as it correctly identifies the presence of double bonds in unsaturated molecules [c3]. Therefore, while the reason accurately describes the structure of unsaturated fats, the assertion incorrectly states that saturated fats are more reactive when they are actually more stable.

Sources

1. [1] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 4: Carbon and its Compounds > 4.3.3 Addition Reaction > p. 71
2. [2] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations > 1.3.2 Rancidity > p. 13
3. [3] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 4: Carbon and its Compounds > Figure 4.10 Structure of benzene > p. 65