Option 1 states that both the assertion (A) and the reason (R) are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

The assertion states that tropical cyclones do not develop very close to the Equator. This is true because one of the key requirements for the formation of tropical cyclones is the Coriolis effect, which is created by the rotation of the Earth. This effect deflects the path of moving air masses, resulting in the development of circular air motion in cyclones. However, the Coriolis effect is weakest at the equator and increases towards the poles.

The reason given is that a weak Coriolis effect retards the development of circular air motion. This is also true because the Coriolis effect is directly related to the development of cyclones. When the Coriolis effect is weak, as it is near the Equator, it hinders the formation of the necessary circular air motion that is characteristic of tropical cyclones.

Therefore, option 1 accurately states that both the assertion and the reason are individually true, and the reason provides the correct explanation of the assertion.