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Consider the following events in the history of Indian freedom struggle : 1. Champaran Satyagraha 2. Bardoli Satyagraha 3. Ahmedabad Mil] Workers Strike 4. Chauri-Cbaura Incident Which one of the following is a correct chronological sequence of the above events starting from the earliest ?
Explanation
The chronological sequence of the events is as follows: 1. Champaran Satyagraha (1917), which was Gandhi's first major movement in India to support indigo peasants [c1, t2]. 2. Ahmedabad Mill Workers Strike (March 1918), where Gandhi intervened in a labor dispute and undertook his first hunger strike [c2, c4, t2]. 3. Chauri-Chaura Incident (February 1922), a violent event in Gorakhpur that led to the withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement [c5, t1]. 4. Bardoli Satyagraha (1928), a peasant movement in Gujarat against tax hikes, led by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel with Gandhi's support [c1]. Therefore, the correct order is 1-3-4-2. This sequence reflects the evolution of the Indian freedom struggle from early localized satyagrahas to mass movements and subsequent peasant mobilizations in the late 1920s.
Sources
- [1] THEMES IN INDIAN HISTORY PART III, History CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 11: MAHATMA GANDHI AND THE NATIONALIST MOVEMENT > Fig. 11.17 > p. 314
- [2] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > Congress View > p. 327
- [3] THEMES IN INDIAN HISTORY PART III, History CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 11: MAHATMA GANDHI AND THE NATIONALIST MOVEMENT > 2. The Making and Unmaking of Non-cooperation > p. 289
- [4] History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Advent of Gandhi and Mass Mobilisation > e) Chauri Chaura Incident and Withdrawal of the Movement > p. 48
- [5] https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/jess302.pdf