Consider the following satements X-rays 1. can pass through aluminum. 2. can be deflected by magnetic field. 3. move with a velocity less than the velocity of ultraviolet rays in vacuum. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

X-rays are a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation [t1][t3]. Statement 1 is correct because X-rays possess high penetration power and can pass through materials like aluminum; indeed, thin aluminum sheets are often used as filters in X-ray tubes to remove low-energy photons while allowing higher-energy ones to pass [c2][t6]. Statement 2 is incorrect because X-rays consist of photons which carry no electric charge; therefore, they are not deflected by magnetic or electric fields [t2]. Statement 3 is incorrect because all electromagnetic waves, including X-rays and ultraviolet rays, travel at the same constant speed (the speed of light, approximately 3 x 10^8 m/s) in a vacuum [c3][t8]. Since only the first statement is accurate, the correct option is 2.

Sources

1. [1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546155/
2. [2] https://www.arpansa.gov.au/understanding-radiation/what-is-radiation/ionising-radiation/x-ray
3. [3] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 5: Environmental Pollution > z. Ionising radiations. > p. 83
4. [4] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3097657/
5. [5] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 9: Light – Reflection and Refraction > What you have learnt > p. 159