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Consider the following statements : 1. Battle of Buxar provided the key to the English to establish their rule in India. 2. The Treaty of Allahabad, concluded in 1765, enabled the British to establish their rule in Bengal. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
The Battle of Buxar (1764) was a pivotal event where the British East India Company defeated the combined forces of Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daulah, and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II [6]. While the Battle of Plassey initiated British influence, Buxar consolidated their power and provided the 'key' to establishing firm rule in India by demonstrating military superiority over the Mughal Emperor himself [6]. Following this victory, the Treaty of Allahabad was concluded in 1765 [1]. This treaty granted the Company the Diwani rights—the right to collect revenue—from Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa [3]. This legal and political formalization enabled the British to establish a dual system of government, making them the real masters of Bengal and marking the beginning of systematic economic and political dominance in India [5]. Thus, both statements accurately reflect the historical significance of these events.
Sources
- [1] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 16: The Coming of the Europeans > Battle of Buxar (1764) > p. 258
- [6] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Allahabad
- [2] Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 5: Land Reforms > 5.1 Land Rights before Independence > p. 190
- [3] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 4: India on the Eve of British Conquest > Weak Rulers after Aurangzeb—An Internal Challenge > p. 63
- [5] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 5: Expansion and Consolidation of British Power in India > Dual Government in Bengal (1765-72) > p. 93