Question map
Consider the following statements 1. The Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution of India during the tenure of Lal Bahadur Shastri as the Prime Minister of India. 2. As per the Constitution of India there are ten Fundamental Duties for every citizen of India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect because the Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution of India by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act in 1976 [c1][t1]. This occurred during the tenure of Indira Gandhi as Prime Minister, not Lal Bahadur Shastri [c3]. The amendment was based on the recommendations of the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee, which was established during the internal emergency period (1975–1977) [c4][c5]. Statement 2 is also incorrect because, while the 42nd Amendment originally introduced ten Fundamental Duties [c4][t2], the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2002 added an eleventh duty regarding the education of children between the ages of six and fourteen [t2][t6]. Therefore, as per the current Constitution of India, there are eleven Fundamental Duties for every citizen, not ten [c1].
Sources
- [1] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 8: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES > Fundamental Duties. > p. 161
- [2] https://knowindia.india.gov.in/profile/fundamental-duties.php
- [3] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 10: Fundamental Duties > SIGNIFICANCE OF FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES > p. 122
- [4] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 10: Fundamental Duties > SWARAN SINGH COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATIONS > p. 119
- [5] Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 10: Fundamental Duties > SWARAN SINGH COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATIONS > p. 119
- [6] https://dsel.education.gov.in/sites/default/files/Fundamental-Duties-English.pdf