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Consider the following statements relating to the famous Muzaffarpur murders (1908) 1. The bomb, which was hurled at the carriage of Mrs. Pringle and her daughter, was actually intended for Mr. Kingsford, the District Judge of Muzaffarpur. 2. The revolutionaries wanted to kill Mr. Kingsford, because he had inflicted severe punishments on Swadeshi activists. 3. Khudiram and Prafulla Chaki had to pay the penalty for their action by death. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
Explanation
The Muzaffarpur murder attempt (1908) was a significant event in the revolutionary movement. Statement 1 is correct as the bomb was intended for Douglas Kingsford, the District Judge of Muzaffarpur, but mistakenly hit the carriage of Mrs. Pringle Kennedy and her daughter [2]. Statement 2 is correct because Kingsford was targeted for his notorious and cruel punishments, including corporal punishment, inflicted on Swadeshi activists during his tenure as Chief Presidency Magistrate in Calcutta [1]. Statement 3 is also correct regarding their fate: Prafulla Chaki committed suicide by shooting himself when cornered by police at Mokama Ghat station to avoid arrest, while Khudiram Bose was captured, tried, and executed by hanging on August 11, 1908 [1]. Thus, all three statements accurately describe the historical incident and its aftermath.
Sources
- [1] History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 2: Rise of Extremism and Swadeshi Movement > Khudiram Bose Prafulla Chaki > p. 23
- [2] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 13: First Phase of Revolutionary Activities (1907-1917) > p. 284