Xerophthalmia is a condition characterized by dryness and inflammation of the eyes, which can lead to vision problems and even blindness if not treated. The deficiency of vitamin A is responsible for causing xerophthalmia.

Although all vitamins are essential for maintaining good health, each one plays a different role in the body. In the case of xerophthalmia, the deficiency of vitamin A specifically leads to the development of this condition.

Vitamin A is important for maintaining the health of the eyes, including the production of the pigment rhodopsin, which is essential for vision in low light conditions. It also helps in maintaining the cornea, the outermost layer of the eye, and the conjunctiva, the thin membrane that covers the white part of the eye.

Deficiency of vitamin A can occur due to various factors, including poor diet, malabsorption of nutrients, and certain medical conditions. It is especially common among populations with limited access to nutritious foods.

It is important to note that while the provided answer is generally correct, any deficiencies in other vitamins may also lead to various eye problems. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain a well-balanced diet and ensure sufficient intake of all vitamins to support optimal eye health.