During Indian freedom struggle, which one of the following happened earliest?

To determine the earliest event, we must examine the chronology of the Indian freedom struggle. The Gaya Session of the Indian National Congress took place in December 1922, presided over by C.R. Das, following the suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement. The Simon Commission (Indian Statutory Commission) was appointed by the British government in November 1927 [c2][t6] and arrived in India in 1928 [c4][t3]. The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed much later, on March 5, 1931, marking the end of the first phase of the Civil Disobedience Movement [c3]. Finally, the Tripuri Session of the Congress, famous for the presidential election of Subhas Chandra Bose, occurred in 1939 [t2]. Therefore, the Gaya Session (1922) is the earliest among the given options.

Sources

1. [1] History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Advent of Gandhi and Mass Mobilisation > 4.6 Simon Commission– Nehru Report – Lahore Congress > p. 50
2. [2] History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Advent of Gandhi and Mass Mobilisation > 4.7 The Round Table Conferences > p. 53
3. [3] India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > 3 Towards Civil Disobedience > p. 38
4. [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Commission
5. [5] https://www.britannica.com/topic/Simon-Commission