Option 1: Inductor - An inductor is a device that stores energy in the form of a magnetic field. It is typically used in circuits to oppose changes in current flow. However, it does not store electric charge.
Option 2: Capacitor - A capacitor is a device that stores electric charge. It consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material called a dielectric. When a voltage is applied to a capacitor, it charges up by storing electric charge on its plates. The amount of charge a capacitor can store is determined by its capacitance.
Option 3: Resistor - A resistor is a device that resists the flow of electric current. It does not store electric charge.
Option 4: Transformer - A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. It does not store electric charge.
The correct answer is Option 2: Capacitor. A capacitor is specifically designed to store electric charge. It is an essential component in many electronic circuits for energy storage and timing applications.