Examine the map given below : The places marked 1, 2, 3 and 4 were respectively the seats of powers of the

The four dominant Maratha houses of the confederacy and their principal seats are well established: the Scindia (Sindhia) ruled from Gwalior, the Holkar from Indore, the Gaekwad (Gaekwad/Gaekwad of Baroda) from Baroda, and the Bhonsle (Bhonsle/Bhonsle of Nagpur) from Nagpur. Historical accounts of the Maratha confederacy list these families and their seats explicitly, identifying the Gaekwad of Baroda, the Bhonsle of Nagpur, the Holkar of Indore and the Sindhia of Gwalior as the five principal chiefs under the Peshwa, which matches the sequence Scindias, Holkars, Gaekwads and Bhonsles for locations 1–4 on the map [2].

Sources

1. [1] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 5: Expansion and Consolidation of British Power in India > Rise of the Marathas > p. 101
2. [2] Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 4: The British Conquest of India > Expansion under Lord Wellesley (1798-1805) > p. 79