The genetically engineered 'Golden Rice' is rich in which of the following ?

Genetically engineered 'Golden Rice' was specifically developed to address Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in populations where rice is a staple food [t1][t3]. The genetic modification involves the insertion of genes, such as phytoene synthase (psy) and carotene desaturase (crtI), which enable the rice endosperm to produce beta-carotene (p-carotene), a provitamin A carotenoid [t1][t4]. This beta-carotene gives the rice its characteristic golden-yellow color and is converted into Vitamin A by the human body upon consumption [t2][t5]. While the primary focus of Golden Rice is beta-carotene, research into 'super' biofortified versions aims to include other micronutrients like iron and zinc to further combat malnutrition [t6][t7]. Compositional analyses confirm that the most significant nutritional difference between Golden Rice and conventional varieties is the high concentration of beta-carotene and related provitamin A carotenoids [t8].

Sources

1. [1] https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=232479
2. [2] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2682994/
3. [3] https://www.foodstandards.gov.au/sites/default/files/food-standards-code/applications/Documents/A1138%20Application_Redacted.pdf
4. [4] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7393646/