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The Harappa site showing evidence of two |!|1993|!!| cultural phases. Harappan and pre-Harappan, is
Explanation
The Harappan site of Banawali (Banwali), located in the Hisar district of Haryana, provides clear archaeological evidence of a three-fold cultural sequence: Pre-Harappan (Early Harappan), Mature Harappan, and Post-Harappan (Bara) phases [1]. Excavations led by Dr. R.S. Bisht revealed that the site transitioned from a formative early phase to a sophisticated urban center [1]. While many sites like Kalibangan and Kot Diji also show pre-Harappan layers, Banawali is specifically noted for its distinct stratigraphy showing the evolution of the culture [1]. In contrast, sites like Lothal and Chanhudaro are primarily associated with the Mature Harappan urban phase, with Lothal serving as a major port and Chanhudaro as a manufacturing hub. The Early Harappan phase (c. 3300–2600 BCE) acted as a formative period for the urban prosperity seen in the Mature phase [4].
Sources
- [1] https://haryanatourism.gov.in/places_of_interest/ancient-site-of-banawali/
- [4] THEMES IN INDIAN HISTORY PART I, History CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 1: Bricks, Beads and Bones > Terminologies, Places and Time > p. 1