The correct answer is option 1: Balloon A.
In this scenario, the balloons are filled with different gases, which have different densities. The density of a gas determines its buoyancy or ability to float in the air.
Hydrogen gas, which fills Balloon A, is the least dense gas among the options given. It has a lower density than the other gases mentioned in the question (oxygen, helium, and nitrogen).
According to the principle of buoyancy, a less dense object will be more buoyant and will float higher in a denser medium. In this case, the denser medium is the Earth`s atmosphere.
Therefore, Balloon A filled with hydrogen gas will reach the highest distance from the Earth. It will float higher in the atmosphere compared to the other balloons filled with gases of higher densities.
It`s important to note that while the given answer is generally correct, there are factors such as wind speed, temperature, and other atmospheric conditions that can affect the altitude reached by each balloon. Additionally, it`s crucial to handle and interact with hydrogen gas with proper precaution and safety measures, as it is highly flammable.