The impulse on a particle is a measure of the change in momentum that occurs when a force is applied to it over a certain time interval. Momentum is the product of an object`s mass and its velocity and is a vector quantity. So, when a force is exerted on a particle for a given period of time, it causes a change in its momentum.
Option 1: Force represents the interaction between two objects or systems, and it is the cause of changes in the motion of particles. However, the impulse is specifically related to the change in momentum, not the force itself.
Option 3: Work Done is the product of force and displacement, and it represents the transfer of energy from one system to another. While both work done and impulse involve force, they are distinct concepts. Work done measures the transfer of energy, while impulse measures the change in momentum.
Option 4: Energy is also related to force, as work done transfers energy between systems. However, impulse specifically relates to the change in momentum, not energy.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 2: momentum. The impulse on a particle due to a force acting on it during a given time interval is equal to the change in its momentum.