The Indo-Greek kingdom set up in north Afghanistan in the beginning of the second century BC was

The Indo‑Greek polity established in north Afghanistan in the early 2nd century BCE corresponds to Bactria. The Indo‑Greek kingdom emerged when the Greco‑Bactrian ruler Demetrius invaded the subcontinent (around 180 BCE) and the Indo‑Greek realm seceded from the Greco‑Bactrian kingdom centered in Bactria [1]. Classical and modern accounts locate Bactria on the Bactrian Plain in northern Afghanistan, identifying it as the Hellenistic base for subsequent Indo‑Greek expansion into north‑western India. Contemporary descriptions of overland trade and regional geography also associate north‑west Afghanistan with Bactria, reinforcing that the Indo‑Greek polity in that area was Bactria [2].

Sources

1. [2] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 6: Polity and Society in Post-Mauryan Period > The Beginnings > p. 78