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Q108 (CDS-II/2011) History & Culture › Heritage & Misc Culture › Historical sites and monuments Answer Verified

The Iron Pillar near Qutub Minar draws attention of scientists due to its

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: D
Explanation

The Iron Pillar near Qutub Minar, dating back to the Gupta period (c. 350 AD), is globally acclaimed as a 'rustless wonder' [1]. Despite being exposed to the elements for over 1,600 years, it has remained virtually corrosion-free, which has drawn significant scientific attention to its metallurgical composition [3]. Research, including studies by IIT Kanpur, reveals that its rustlessness is due to a high phosphorus content (approx. 1%) and the formation of a protective 'misawite' layer (a thin film of iron, oxygen, and hydrogen) on its surface. This unique chemical composition, combined with ancient forge-welding techniques, creates an invisible shield against atmospheric corrosion. While its antiquity and craftsmanship are notable, it is specifically the pillar's ability to resist rusting in open-air conditions that makes it a subject of scientific study regarding ancient Indian metallurgical prowess [1].

Sources

  1. [1] Science-Class VII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 4: The World of Metals and Non-metals > The wonder of ancient Indian metallurgy! > p. 50
  2. [3] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666523923000909
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