Karl Marx explained the process of class struggle with the help of the theory of Dialectical Materialism. According to Marx, society is divided into classes based on their relationship to the means of production. The ruling class, which owns and controls the means of production, exploits the working class, which has no control over the means of production and must sell its labor for a wage. This leads to a struggle between the two classes, which Marx called the class struggle. The theory of dialectical materialism is based on the idea that historical development is driven by contradictions and conflicts between opposing forces, and that progress is made through the resolution of these contradictions.