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The Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress (1929) is very important in history, because: 1. the Congress passed a resolution demanding complete independence 2. the rift between the extremists and moderates was resolved in that Session 3. a resolution was passed rejecting the two-nation theory in that Session Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
The Lahore Session of 1929, presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru, is historic primarily because the Indian National Congress formalised the demand for 'Purna Swaraj' or complete independence [3]. This resolution marked a shift from seeking dominion status to total sovereignty, leading to the first celebration of Independence Day on January 26, 1930 [2]. Statement 2 is incorrect because the rift between extremists and moderates was resolved much earlier at the Lucknow Session in 1916, not in 1929 [1]. Statement 3 is also incorrect as the 'Two-Nation Theory' became a prominent political issue in the late 1930s and 1940s (notably with the Muslim League's 1940 Lahore Resolution); the 1929 session focused on the Purna Swaraj declaration and the authorization of the Civil Disobedience Movement [2]. Therefore, only statement 1 is correct.
Sources
- [1] Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 15: Struggle for Swaraj > Poorna Swaraja > p. 286
- [3] India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > 3 Towards Civil Disobedience > p. 39
- [2] History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Advent of Gandhi and Mass Mobilisation > Lahore Congress Session-Poorna Swaraj > p. 51