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The protoplasm is the living content of a cell. It consists of cytoplasm, nucleoplasm, and other organelles.
Cytoplasm is the gel-like substance that fills the cell and is found between the cell membrane and the nucleus. It contains various structures such as ribosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and other organelles responsible for carrying out specific functions within the cell.
Nucleoplasm, on the other hand, is the fluid found within the nucleus of a cell. It contains chromatin, which consists of DNA and proteins, and is responsible for carrying the genetic information of the cell. The nucleus itself is often referred to as the control center of the cell, as it regulates gene expression and controls cellular activities.
Therefore, both the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm are essential components of the protoplasm. Additionally, the protoplasm also includes the various organelles present within the cell, which play crucial roles in carrying out specialized functions.
In summary, the correct answer is option 4 - the protoplasm is composed of cytoplasm, nucleoplasm, and other organelles.