The correct answer is option 1: non-contact forces.
Non-contact forces are forces that can act on objects without physically touching them. Magnetic, electrostatic, and gravitational forces are examples of non-contact forces.
Magnetic forces are generated by magnets and can attract or repel other magnetic objects without direct contact.
Electrostatic forces are caused by charged particles and can attract or repel other charged particles without physical contact.
Gravitational forces are exerted by mass and can act on objects without any direct contact. For example, the gravitational force of the Earth keeps objects on the ground without them physically touching the Earth`s surface.
In contrast, contact forces require direct physical contact between objects for the force to be exerted. Examples of contact forces include frictional forces, normal forces, and tension forces.
Therefore, magnetic, electrostatic, and gravitational forces are all examples of non-contact forces.