The major component used in the preparation of different types of glasses is Silica. Silica, which is also known as silicon dioxide (SiO2), is a vital ingredient in glassmaking. It is present in most types of rocks and minerals and is commonly found in the form of quartz. Silica is valued for its chemical and physical properties that make it an ideal candidate for glass production.

Option 2, Sodium borate, is not the major component used in the preparation of glasses. Sodium borate, also known as borax, is a compound that is sometimes added to glass formulas to enhance certain properties. However, it is not the primary component.

Option 3, Calcium silicate, is also not the major component used in the preparation of glasses. Calcium silicate is a compound that is often used in building materials, such as insulation and cement, but not in glassmaking.

Option 4, Sodium silicate, is another compound that is used in various industries, but it is not the major component used in the preparation of glasses. Sodium silicate is commonly used as a binder in products like detergents and adhesives.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1, Silica.