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The correct match between List I (Achievement in genetics) and List II (Scientists) is as follows:
I. Discovery of transduction and conjugation in bacteria - (C) Lederberg: Joshua Lederberg made significant contributions to the understanding of bacterial genetics. He discovered the process of transduction, in which genetic material is transferred between bacteria by viruses, and conjugation, which involves the direct transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells.
II. Establishing the sex-linked inheritance - (D) Morgan: Thomas Hunt Morgan conducted extensive research on genetics, particularly in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster). His work provided evidence for the theory of sex-linked inheritance, which demonstrated that certain traits are carried on the sex chromosomes.
III. Isolation of DNA polymerase from E. coli - (B) Kornberg: Arthur Kornberg is known for his groundbreaking work in enzymology and biochemistry. He isolated and characterized DNA polymerase, an enzyme involved in DNA replication, from the bacterium E. coli. This discovery was instrumental in advancing our understanding of DNA replication.
IV. Establishing the complete genetic code - (E) Ochoa: Severo Ochoa, along with Marshall Nirenberg, played a key role in deciphering the genetic code. They conducted experiments that identified specific codons and their corresponding amino acids, unraveling the language of DNA and protein synthesis.
Therefore, the correct match between List I and List II is:
I-C, II-D, III-B, IV-E.