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Q129 (IAS/1996) Science & Technology › Basic Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) › Plant anatomy physiology Answer Verified

Match List I (Physiological processes) with List II (Cell organelles) and select the correct answer by using the codes given below the lists

List I | List II
I. Photosynthesis | (A) Plasma membrane
II. Mineral uptake | (B) Chloroplast
III. Respiration | (C) Mitochondria
IV. Protein Synthesis | (D) Ribosomes

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: C
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 3 (I - B, II - A, III - C, IV - D) based on the specific functional roles of cellular organelles:

  • I - B (Photosynthesis - Chloroplast): Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and are the primary sites for photosynthesis in plant cells, converting light energy into chemical energy.
  • II - A (Mineral uptake - Plasma membrane): The plasma membrane acts as a selective barrier. Mineral uptake occurs through this membrane via active or passive transport mechanisms (ion channels and carriers).
  • III - C (Respiration - Mitochondria): Known as the "powerhouse of the cell," mitochondria are responsible for aerobic respiration and the production of ATP.
  • IV - D (Protein Synthesis - Ribosomes): Ribosomes are the cellular machinery where translation occurs, decoding mRNA to synthesize polypeptide chains.

Options 1 and 2 are incorrect as they associate photosynthesis with the plasma membrane. Option 4 is incorrect because it wrongly pairs respiration with ribosomes and protein synthesis with mitochondria.

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